How is a controlled descent typically performed?

A controlled descent is critical in scuba diving to ensure safety and comfort. This process involves equalizing ear pressure to prevent barotrauma, which can occur due to the pressure changes as a diver descends. Maintaining a steady rate of descent is also essential; this helps to monitor and manage buoyancy effectively, ensuring that the diver can maintain control throughout the descent. A steady descent allows divers to respond to any changes in their environment and to adjust their reflexes or buoyancy as necessary.

Equalizing ear pressure frequently during descent minimizes the risk of ear injuries, which can happen if divers try to descend too quickly without adjusting to the increased ambient pressure. Thus, option B encapsulates the correct technique for performing a controlled descent, highlighting the importance of both equalization and maintaining a consistent rate of descent. This careful approach contributes to a safer and more enjoyable diving experience.